Ancient Greece Gods In Odyssey - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 791 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/04/01 Category Literature Essay Level High school Topics: Odyssey Essay Did you like this example? â€Å"Is it better to be feared or loved?† The Italian historian Niccolà ² Machiavelli believes that while both are important for a leader, fear is more likely to lead to a successful rule. The gods of Ancient Greece emphasize the importance of religion and tell stories of severe consequences if they are not pleased. Books 10, 13, and 17 of the Odyssey, by Homer, demonstrate how the ancient Greeks’ respect for the gods stems mostly from fear of the consequences, explaining multiple characters’ decisions to protect themselves by respecting the gods to avoid consequences. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Ancient Greece Gods In Odyssey" essay for you Create order The reference of the punishment which results from helping the enemy of a god in book 10 shows the Greeks fear of the gods. In Book 10, Odysseus seeks help from the wind god Aeolus, in order to return home after the long war. Aeolus follows the expectations of hospitality, welcomes guests and provides a way for all the crew to go home, as Aeolus â€Å"set the west wind free to blow us on our way†¦ home† (The Odyssey 10.29-30). Disrespecting xenia can result in punishments as Zeus, the king of the gods, is the god of hospitality. When Odysseus makes a mistake and ends up back on Aeolus’s island, Aeolus angrily yells: â€Å"Away from my island- fast- most cursed man alive! It’s a crime to host a man or speed him on his way when the blessed deathless gods despise him so. Crawling back like this- it proves the immortals hate you! Out- get out!† (The Odyssey 10.79-83). By returning to the island, Odysseus unintentionally portrays himself as a curse from the gods, which is why Aeolus is displeased to see him again. If Odysseus is a god’s enemy, then he is everyone’s enemy, no matter how famous he was before. He no longer deserves any respect or help of any kind from anyone. Another example of the punishment resulting from helping the enemy of a god is in Book 13, where the Phaeacians sail Odysseus back to Ithaca, and resulted in being cursed themselves. Even though they supplied Odysseus as they would any guest, they had not had understood that their patron god, Poseidon, was fully against Odysseus reaching his home. Earlier in the story, Odysseus had stabbed Polyphemus, the Cyclops and the son of Poseidon, which had resulted in Poseidon vowing that Odysseus would not return to his home. Poseidon â€Å"with one flat stroke of his hand struck [the ship] to stone, rooted her to the ocean floor and made open for sea† (The Odyssey 1 3.185-187). Gods are meant to be viewed as efficient leaders, role models and friendly companions to the people, however, Poseidons actions show that gods are more like humans, holding grudges and fostering feelings of hatred. Even though he does care of the Phaeacians, stoning them emphasized that they made a critical mistake and should learn how to differentiate his friends from his foes. The consequences of their actions show that although Greeks must display hospitality to all visitors,, they cannot do so to those who have angered the gods. Disrespect to others shows disrespect towards the gods. Book 17 shows Antinous throwing a stool towards Odysseus, disguised as a beggar, which is not acceptable behavior towards guests. Antinous, the ill-mannered of the suitors: â€Å"gave him a scathing look and let fly, ‘Now you won’t get out of the hall unscarred, I swear, not after such a filthy string of insults!’ With that he seized the stool and hurled it- Square in the back it struck Odysseus, just under the right shoulder† (The Odyssey 17.507-511). Injuring others, especially guests, is against the rule of hospitality as gods may be guests in disguise. Antinous portrays his distrust of the gods by not following this rule and shows arrogance as he believes that a beggar is not up to his standards. In addition, even the other suitors fear the consequences Antinous’ behavior as his â€Å"fate is sealed if he’s some god from the view† (The Odyssey 17. 534). This advice shows the common reaction in ancient Greece. Instead of being angered by Antinous’ rudeness, they are scared that the gods will curse them. In ancient Greek society, they did not consider actions morally and personally, instead aiming to merely please the gods. People of Ancient Greece feared and respected the gods. They tried to be on their best behavior at all times in order to please the gods and avoid any trouble. They feared the consequences of helping enemies of the gods or disrespecting the guests or hosts of a house. Even today, people pretend to be generous only to benefit themselves or make themselves look more superior than they actually are. Fear of punishment encourages people to follow strictly under the rule of upper beings.

Transportation A Small Country, Israel s Primary Mode...

Transportation A small country, Israel’s primary mode of transportation is via automobile, and the country is served by a modern road network. Congestion has become a particularly bad problem in the Tel Aviv area, to the point that a government-hired consultancy firm proposed instituting congestion charges for cars entering the city during the busiest part of the day. This kind of system is similar to that used to control traffic in London, Singapore, and Stockholm. Israel Railways, the nation’s rail system linking all the major coastal cities, as well as inland cities such as Jerusalem and Beersheba, is in the process of being upgraded. The planned changes will better accommodate the system for commuter traffic. High-speed trains, electrification of the current rail system, and upgrades and expansion of rail stations and adjacent parking areas are some of the projects either planned or underway. Current projections are for the system to carry 40 million passengers by 2010, a huge jump, compared with the fewer than 3 million passengers that used the system in 1990. Israel’s primary air hub is in Ben Gurion International Airport, located near the city of Lod, about 15 km (9 mi) southeast of Tel Aviv. Having operated since 1936, the airport has undergone several expansions as the amount of air traffic has increased. El-Al, the Israeli former national air carrier, handles most international flights, while Arkia and Israir run domestic flights to airports in Eilat, Haifa,Show MoreRelatedHistory3241 Words   |  13 Pagesexploration and contact. It caused the establishment of european commercial empires. Primary tributary, it focused on trade, and some settler comics. This caused there to be â€Å"nation-states†, in tern proto-industrialization in europe (innovation) Europe started into three major processes: Revolution, (and nationalism) Industrialization Imperialism Lastly the Rise of the â€Å"nation-state† Age of Enlightenment (1650-1780’s) There were plenty of forward thinkers. Each was moving toward science asRead MoreAnalysis of Bulgaria Air and the Eastern-European Airline Industry4335 Words   |  18 Pages International Strategic Management 1. Legislation and regulatory rules in the industry Bilateral air service agreements remain the primary vehicles for liberalizing international air transport services. In the past 15 years more than 157 â€Å"open skies† agreements have been concluded between 96 states, the US being one of the states in 82 of the cases. Along with the continuing liberalization of air transport regulation, the protection and improvement of airline passengerRead MoreThe Business Model Conceived By Ceo Michael O Leary3225 Words   |  13 Pagessignificant amount of control over international route structures and fares. Furthermore, if a prospective airline wished to compete with a major carrier internationally, the fledgling airline would have to obtain permission from each destination country to operate in competition against national major carriers such as British Airways. Luckily for Ryanair, in Europe there had begun a movement to emulate the successes enjoyed by airline deregulation in the United States. Prior to the passage ofRead MoreTerm Paper on Islami Bank Limited17265 Words   |  70 Pagesprinciples. The bank, which started its operation with only 3 branches in the first year of its inception, has now 207 branches in 26 years of operation. As a bank, Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited receives deposits from its customers from all over the country as well as from abroad on profit and loss sharing basis and deploys that fund to different investment clients to gain profit. The bank distributes an agreed portion of the profit earned to the customers and the shareholders. Islami Bank BangladeshRead MoreHuman Trafficking And Its Aspects3369 Words   |  14 Pages Human Trafficking and its Aspects Mariah Crawford English 2020 Mr. Vern Mehr Fall 2014 Imagine being called and offered a job opportunity in another state or perhaps another country. The employer promises you better housing, twice your current salary, and even offers to pay for your commute. Without thinking, you accept because the possibilities seem endless and unreal. You arrive to your new home but things don’t look as great as they were described and suddenly your new kind, charismaticRead MoreGlobal Business Environment8475 Words   |  34 Pages In additions to lowering of trade barriers, many countries have also removed restrictions on barriers to FDI. These two changes made the laws less restrictive there by encouraging both inward and outward investment by foreign firms. 2. The role of technological change Advances in microprocessors and telecommunication Emergence of the internet and World Wide Web Innovations and development in the transportation technology 3. Other Environment specific drivers Read MoreChemical Weapons Essay examples8188 Words   |  33 PagesINTRODUCTION The following research paper has been compiled to provide an insight into Chemical Weapons (CW). It deals with the description and the usage of various chemical reagents used by various countries and their negative effects. The following also shows the policies of countries towards chemical weapons, their stockpiles and their lethality and disposal. The following report also shows the history of chemical warfare, their demilitarisation, proliferation and the various councils set upRead MoreStandardization Adaptation15058 Words   |  61 Pagesadaptation, to show how companies manage cultural differences. Method: Our research method is a descriptive one. Then, we collect data from secondary sources such as the books, articles, journals and studies. Then, we judge essential to gather primary data to answer our purpose. In this way, we do one qualitative personal interview with the international marketing director of Agatha and one email interview with its communication director. Finally, the entire information is treated and selectedRead MoreAn Analysis of Terrorism Essay9824 Words   |  40 Pagesas a political act against a government and it’s citizenry, secondly, it is viewed as a coercive means to change some policy through the application of violence upon society . Finally terrorism adheres to the unlawfullness of acts as a mode of political change. For the purpose of this study terrorism is defined as a strategy whereby violence is used to produce certain effects in a group of people so an to attain some political end or ends. Terrorism can be traced back in Iran sinceRead MoreLaw Enforcement in the 21st Century15936 Words   |  64 Pagesbombing of the Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, most Americans have viewed terrorism as a problem somewhere over there, such as in Israel, Northern Ireland, or Rwanda. People in the United States have always taken pride in the immense individual rights and freedoms they possess and that often are viewed as the fundamental premises upon which this country was built. In fact, Americans have generally disapproved of extensive domestic efforts that intrude on the ease of their day-today activities

The American Film Industry Essay Example For Students

The American Film Industry Essay Why is the Film Industry one of the largest and fastest growing industries in the world? Simple. People like entertainment. Movies are entertainment. Movies are like books, only theyre visual. People like seeing other people cast in roles, and playing out a story. Why not turn to plays instead, you ask? Movies give people the actors and the stories, along with background music, special effects, and overall satisfaction within a 2 hour period of time. Movies can also take you to a physical state that theatre can not. They take you to real physical locations instead of just a cardboard stages. Its the same reason people like television so much. The birth of cinema came in the late 1800s. One of the major reasons for the emergence of motion pictures in the 1890s was the late 1880s development of a camera that could capture movement, and a sprocket system that could move the film through the camera. William Kennedy Laurie Dickson, a young assistant in Thomas Edisons laboratories, designed an early version of a movie-picture camera called a Kinetograph that was first patented by Edison in 1893. Early in 1893, the worlds first film studio, the Black Maria, was built on the grounds of Edisons laboratories at West Orange, New Jersey and the first successful motion picture was made a re-creation of a sneeze. Most of the earliest moving images were non-fictional, unedited, crude documentary views of simple, ordinary slices of life street scenes, the activities of police or firemen, or shots of a passing train. Then, in 1894, along came another marvelous Edison Company invention in the mid 1890s the Kinetoscope. It was basicall y a bulky, coin-operated movie peep show viewer for a single customer, in which the images on a continuous film loop-belt were viewed in motion as they were rotated in front of a shutter and a light. On Saturday, April 14th, 1894, the Holland Brothers opened their original Kinetoscope Parlor at 1155 Broadway in New York City and for the first time, commercially exhibited movies as we know them today. Early spectators in Kinetoscope parlors were amazed by even the most strange moving images in very short films (between 30 and 60 seconds) an approaching train, a parade, women dancing, dogs terrorizing rats, and other such things. In 1895, Edison exhibited hand-colored movies, including Annabelle The Dancer, in Atlanta, Georgia at the Cotton States Exhibition. In one of Edisons 1896 films, entitled The Widow Jones, often called The Kiss, May Irwin and John Rice re-enacted a scene from a Broadway play it was a close-up of a cinematic kiss. In 1909 the first movie studio was started U niversal Studios. The ten year peiod of 1920-1930 was the period between the end of the Great War and the Stock Market Crash. Film theaters and studios were not initially affected in this decade by the crash. Films really blossomed in the 1920s, expanding upon the foundations of film from earlier years. Some of the best artists from European film-making circles were imported to Hollywood and adapted there. The basic pattern of the film industry, and its economic organization, was established in the 1920s the studio system was essentially born in the second decade of the century. With films, came a need for protection, and ratings. The Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) acted domestically as the voice and advocate of seven of the largest producers and distributors of filmed entertainment. MPAAs counterpart, the Motion Picture Association (MPA) served the same purpose on an international basis. Founded in 1922 as the trade association for the American film industry, the MPAA has broadened its authorization over the years to reflect the diversity of the expanding motion picture industry. Today, these associations represent not only the world of the theatrical film, but also major producers and distributors of entertainment programming for television, cable, and home video, and looking into the future, for delivery systems not yet imagined. Among its principle missions, the MPAA directs an anti-piracy program to protect, through copyright and other laws, U.S. films in 65 countries throughout the world. The MPAA also works to eliminate unfair and restri ctive trade regulations and practices and non-tariff trade barriers to allow free competition in the international marketplace. The firms that were to rule Hollywood filmmaking for the next half-century were the giants. Warner Bros. Pictures incorporated in 1923, and in 1924, MGM, Columbia Pictures, and MCA (Music Corporation of America) were all created or founded. Later, RKO Pictures went into business in 1928. After World War I and into the early 1920s, America was the leading producer of films in the world using Thomas Inces factory system of production although the system did limit the creativity of many directors. Films were bigger, costlier, more polished, and the major film emphasis was on swashbucklers, historical extravaganzas, and melodramas. MGM was to become the dominant studio of Hollywoods Golden Age during the 30s. The 1930s decade has been rightfully labeled as the most memorable era of all, with the term The Golden Age of Hollywood. It was called this because of the great prosperity of the movie industry. New films were being developed, new techniques, and people were soaking them in. The 30s was also the decade of the sound revolution, color revolution, the advance of the talkies, and the advancement of film genres (gangster films, musicals, newspaper films, historical biopics, westerns and horror to name a few). Most of the early talkies were successful at the box-office, but many of them were of poor quality dialogue-dominated play adaptations, with stilted acting and an unmoving camera or microphone. Nonetheless, a tremendous variety of films were produced with a wit, style, skill, and elegance that has never been equalled. Rouben Mamoulian, a successful Broadway director, refused to keep the cumbersome sound cameras pinned to the studio floor, and demonstrated a graceful, rhythmic, flui d, choreographed flowing style to his films with his directorial debut 1929 film Applause. Mastery of techniques for the sound era were also demonstrated with many films, by combining a mobile camera with inventive, rapid-fire dialogue and quick-editing. After 1932, the development of sound-mixing freed films from the limitations of recording on sets and locations. Scripts from writers were becoming more advanced with witty dialogue, realistic characters, and plots. The first film, though a short one, produced in three-color Technicolor was Walt Disneys animated story Flowers and Trees, which came out in 1932. Hollywoods first full-length feature film photographed entirely in three-strip Technicolor was Rouben Mamoulians Becky Sharp in 1935. In the late 30s, two beloved films, The Wizard of Oz and Gone with the Wind, both in 1939, were expensively produced with Technicolor. Special-effects processes were advanced by the late 1930s, making it possible for many more films to be shot on sets rather than on-location. In 1937, the first feature-length animated film was premiered by Walt Disney Studios which was becoming quickly known for its sophisticated animation was a milestone for all cinema. It was the classic cartoon story of Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. The Downfall Of Lady Macbeth EssayIn 1988 technical breakthroughs were accomplished in Robert Zemeckis innovative Who Framed Roger Rabbit it seamlessly blended animated cartoon characters and live action in a hard-boiled, 1940s-style Hollywood murder mystery. The film was a collaboration between Steven Spielberg and the Walt Disney Studio. Earlier, in 1964, Disney had married animation and live-action in the 60s hit Mary Poppins. In 1989 Disney Studios returned to its old-fashioned film values with Honey, I Shrunk the Kids an inventive, special-effect-filled comedy about a father/scientist who accidentallyreduced four children to ant-size proportions. Disney also scored with one of its old-fashioned musical animations that appealed to both children and adults in 1989. Its 28th feature-length cartoon titled The Little Mermaid heralded a new generation of successful animations. In the 1990s for the most part, cinema attendance was up mostly at multi-screen cineplex complexes throughout the country. Although the average film budget was almost $53 million by 1998, many films cost over $100 million to produce. Higher costs for film star salaries and agency fees, expensive price tags for new high-tech and digital special-effects and CGI (computer generated images), costly market research and testing, and big-budget marketing all contributed to the inflated, excessive spending in the film industry. Character development and intelligent story-telling often suffered in the process. In the early 1990s, box-office revenues had dipped considerably (the averageticket price for a film was around $5 by the end of the decade), probably due in part to the American economic recession of 1991. By the beginning of the decade, the VCR was a popular appliance in most households, and rentals of videotapes were big business. By 1997, the first DVDs (digital video discs) had eme rged in stores, featuring sharper resolution pictures, better quality and durability than VHS tapes. In 1999, foretelling new methods of Internet-based marketing, Eduardo Sanchez and Daniel Myricks low-budget, roughly-made, offbeat independent film The Blair Witch Project, a quasi-documentary about a horrifying camping trip experienced by three vanished student film-makers, reaped a greater audience (and box-office receipts) from Internet exposure. It became the most profitable film (percentage-wise) of all time, earning $140 million domestically, and having only budgeted only $30,000. But there still existed an imbalanced emphasis on the opening weekend, weekly box-office returns, critics ratings, and the belief that expensive, high-budget films meant quality. One of the emerging trends of the late 80s and 90s was that although about the same number of pictures were produced as in the Golden Age of Hollywood (about 450-500 in a year), many of the films that were produced (an estima ted 40%) went directly to video with no cinematic release at all. And the window of time between a films theatrical opening and availability for cable TV or home viewing shrunk drastically. It was significant that the first new Hollywood studio in many decades, Dream Works (SKG), was formed in 1994 as the brainchild of director-producer Steven Spielberg, ex-Disney executive producer Jeffrey Katzenberg, and film producer/music industry giant David Geffen. The studios first theatrical release was first-time feature director Mimi Leders The Peacemaker, in 1997. In the very next year, Disney Studios acquired the maverick studio for $65 million. The trend toward sequels from the previous decade continued, but Hollywood was also attempting to deal with serious themes, including homelessness, the Holocaust, AIDS, feminism, and racism, while making bottom-line profits. There were a number ofmainstream films that confronted the issues in a profound way. In 1993, director Jonathan Demmes Philadelphia, was the first big-studio attempt to deal with AIDS,winning for Tom Hanks the first of consecutive Best Actor Oscars. With seven Oscars including Best Picture and Best Director, Steven Spielbergs long and serious B/W Holocaust epic Schindlers List, made in 1993, was a significant milestone, but also a grim story about an opportunistic German businessman in Poland who ultimately saved over 1,000 Jews from death. Two special-effects-laden, predictably-scripted apocalpytic disaster films racked up huge profits. Both were about destructive meteors or asteroids hurtling toward Earth: Mimi Leders Deep Impact, and Michael Bays Armageddon, both in 1998. At the close of the decade, three other major films appeared: George Lucas computer-generated return to his epic saga with the first sci-fi space episode titled Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace, in 1999; and writer-directors Andy and Larry Wachowskis ambitiousvirtual-reality flick The Matrix, also in 1999 with computer-enhanced digital effects that won four Academy Awards, all in sound, editing, and visual effects technical categories. The US has the most powerful, diverse, and technologically advanced economy in the world, with a per capita GDP of $31,500, the largest among major industrial nations. In the United States there are more than 1,500 (including nearly 1,000 stations affiliated with the five major networks-NBC, ABC, CBS, FOX, and PBS; in addition, there are about 9,000 cable TV systems) television broadcasting systems, and more than 550 movie studios. That was the rate in 1997. Now, those figures have gone up by about 56%. Americans like entertainment. Thats what they spend their money on. Each year the movie industry earns more and more money. Its not just that movies are gaining larger audiences, and more movies are being produced, but its the fact that movie prices are rising. Ticket prices are at a peak, selling in some places for as much as $10.50 a pop. Not to mention when movies come out for sale, most VHS start at a record breaking $24.99, and most DVDs start st $39.99. Why are the movie bosses charging this much? Simply because they can. People would probably pay even more if they had to, and in my opinion theyll soon have to. American has adopted movies into their family, and they dont want to stop watching them. Bibliography:

Decisions With Big Impact On Data Analytic - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Decisions With Big Impact On Data Analytic. Answer: Introduction General Electric is a digital industrial company which was found in New Jersey USA in 1878.The Companys business is divided into four themes i.e. building, curing, moving and powering. General electric builds appliances, lightning, power systems and many other products for domestic and business applications. It also provides medical technologies like CT, MRI, Digital Mammography, PET/CT, Ultrasound and patient monitoring devices. Apart from this, GE builds navigational and transport safety and productivity systems.GE is also involved in developing and producing nuclear and wind turbine technologies. As, General Electric has a wide business and all of them are distributed so to provide connectivity with all the themes it released a project named as Industrial Internet. This project is a combination of machines, data and the Internet. This report will utilise an Enterprise Information Architecture-Reference Architecture (EI RA) approach to analyse and design an Information Centric implementation of Industrial Internet with respect to the four themes of General Electric. EIA RA is a template approach to Enterprise Information Architecture. It not only works through a systematic process of design but it assumes that there are tried and true methods and design patterns which form the building blocks of information systems. Yet it allows for changing and evolving technologies. The systematic EIA RA approach to Industrial Internet design will include its Conceptual Architecture, Logical Architecture, Component Modelling and Operational Modelling. One of GEs latest projects is an Industrial Internet which is the convergence of industrial machines, data and the Internet. The potential is to provide connectivity for all product applications with the use of four themes. It also includes real-time monitoring and analytics of remote systems such as pipelines and power generation equipment. This very dynamic company require enterprise systems that can adapt and not only remain effective in the harshest of conditions but also operate in the most secure and data sensitive environments such as hospitals. Conceptual Architecture The aim of Industrial Internet Enterprise System (EIS) is to provide a flexible, connected information system that enables connectivity for all the product applications of General Electric .It should also include real-time monitoring and analytics on remote systems and remain effective even in adverse conditions. Capabilities required for the system should include: Industrial Internet must operate for all the four enterprises, Provide real time monitoring on power generation equipments, Enable the sensors on gas turbines and other machines to get connected to the cloud, Enable the machines to operate in adverse situations These four requirements of Industrial Internal is not an exhaustive list and only pertain to the four themes of General Electric i.e. Building, Curing, Moving and Powering, the building blocks of which are portrayed in Figure 1. This figure shows a system as a single enterprise but comprises all the four themes. A conceptual architecture diagram represents the system architecture and here it describes how the executive business people gets the information updated on Industrial Internet. Figure 1: Conceptual diagram The real time monitoring all the themes is controlled by the cloud and then analysed in respect to security. These building blocks are the basis of an Architecture Overview Diagram (AOD) which translates non-technical operational requirements into a conceptual model(Godinez, 2010) as described in the given figure. The AOD in the figure displayed below shows how the various concepts required in an Information Architecture connect and interoperate to deliver a flexible Industrial Internet to the executive business people. Data Domains of all the themes comprises into a single enterprise approach of Industrial Internet which is managed by Master Data services, Metadata Services, Data Services, Content Services and Analytical Services. Although these systems will be geographically dispersed, they will be designed to give accurate information and good performance to the cloud and all the four themes as well as the end users. Industrial internet provides functionalities of accessing big data. These systems and services are used by the cloud as well as the executive business people with their respective presentation services and delivery channels. The Connectivity and Interoperability service provides the data communication channels between all these systems and services. The service is integrated into cloud services and security along with privacy. The metadata services for exchange of information based systems on the basis of metadata. The Master Data services provide quality and authoring services. The analytical services will let the cloud optimize the business performance. The content services take care of the data which is unstructured like images, presentations and gives measure to manage that data. Logical Architecture The logical architecture starts to set out the technical functionality required to deliver the business view oriented conceptual architecture (Godinez, 2010). Figure 3 Logical View Diagram shows how functional services are logically located in relation to each other. This starts at the base where Cloud hosting services host and support Integration and Information services which provide services to the Application Services which are presented to different themes and areas and constituents in the Presentation Layer. These all communicate via the Connectivity and Interoperability Services. Non-functional services dealing with Compliance, Availability, Retention, Security, Capacity and Quality of Service(Godinez, 2010) are also shown in relation to the services they support. These include Business Process Orchestration and collaboration service, Information Security and Information Privacy and IT Service Compliance and Management Services. Figure 3: Logical Architecture Diagram The Business Process Orchestration and Collaboration layer gives end-to-end business process orchestration. They also provide abilities in such a way that all the users of an enterprise collaborate easily. The Connectivity and Interoperability determines interoperability between the services. It also supports transport and communication protocol and interoperability functions. Information Security and Information Privacy is required for security and data assurance policies. These services are necessary because they reduce risk and make the system cost effective. Component Model The Component Model sets out the actual parts or components that will deliver the functionality shown in the Logical model. A Component can be described as a logically grouped set of specific capabilities or software applications that will deliver specific functionality (Godinez, 2010). The model sets it out in three parts; Component Relationship Diagram, Component Descriptions and Component Interaction Diagrams. Component Relationship Diagram The Component Relationship Diagram depicts the components, interfaces and their relationships(Godinez, 2010). The given figure shows a depiction of the Logical Model Diagram turned on its side and populated with the Components which will deliver the logical functions. These Components are then described as part of the Component Model. Figure 4: Component Relationship Diagram Component Descriptions Component Descriptions describe each component in terms of it services, interfaces and functional and non-functional requirements. Depending on the needs of the project these descriptions include an ID for Identification, a Name, High-level description, Service description and a list of Interfaces (Godinez, 2010). For the purpose of this report only the Mash up Hub component differ from the Enterprise Information Architecture Reference Architecture model and are therefore described. Name Mash up Hub High-level description- This component combines the four themes of General Electric with Industrial Internet .It also relates the cloud with the executive business people and works as an interaction gateway between people and the Enterprise Information Enterprise. This portal will constitute all the four themes on a single cloud enabling the Industrial Internet to get mash-up with the themes. In terms of security and moderation services, this Collaboration Hub relies on Presentation Services access to the Directory / Security Services component for authentication and authorisation and relies on collaboration services to monitor and moderate individual collaboration instances. With the help of this hub, it will be easy to analyse and examine all the themes and let the system operate easily. This component relies on Presentation Services to secure the communication and authorise and authenticate the constituent on a single-sign in basis (one sign in gives access to all authorised portals). Interfaces on the external presentation side, multiple themes are presented simultaneously and are presented to the executive business people. The presentation layer also presents multiple collaboration interactions of executive business people on a dashboard type web or mobile app page. On the internal interface side is a gateway which acts as a connection between building, curing, moving and powering. This Mash up hub also enables a business to quickly build web-based applications at low costs. They also allow non-technical users to create new value from the information by mashing together information from various sources. Component Interaction Diagram Component Interaction Diagrams depict the dynamic interaction between components in a particular use case scenario. It is a way of high level interaction testing to verify component configuration and inclusion. The given figure represents the access to the Mash up- Hub interaction scenario. It shows how the themes must be included in the cloud first and then be passed onto the Presentation Services for examination. Figure 5: Component Interaction Diagram Operational Model An operating model is the operational design which is responsible for the delivery of the business strategy. The ideas of operating model improvements make many changes in the business strategy and hence the business grows. The operating models also describe how the organization delivers the abilities and the outcomes of finance which are necessary for the strategy. Processes and activities the work that needs to be done Organization and people the people doing the work and how they are organized Locations, buildings and other assets the places where the work is done and the equipment in those places needed to support the work Information the software applications and databases needed to support the work Sourcing and partners those outside the organization supporting the work Management system the planning and performance management of the work Figure 6: Operational Model The Operational Model takes the components from the Component Model and distributes them onto geographically distributed nodes (Godinez, 2010). Data flow connections between nodes are specified between geographically dispersed Locations. Nodes are location specific and physical platforms on which software executes. Each node consists of one or more components known as Deployment Units(Godinez, 2010). A Component Model will be broken down into many distinct functional and non-functional Operational Models. The EIA RA has templates for many standard components such as those portrayed in Figures 6 and 7. The Content Resource Manager Service availability portrays an industry standard method of maintaining high availability for unstructured data. Likewise the Continuous Availability and Resiliency Operational Pattern portrays a standard design to maintain the data security and operations even in adverse situations. Conclusion General Electric requires a big data and analytics system known as Industrial Internet. Hence, Industrial Internet has been designed using industry standard Enterprise Information Architecture Reference Architecture templates which are business executive centric. Having outlined five specific capabilities, a system Building Block diagram and an Architecture Overview Diagram were drawn to provide a conceptual technical view of the Industrial Internet enterprise information system. From this diagram a Logical Diagram was drawn to translate the concepts into an information system which was then broken down into components which could be described and logic tested in the Component Model. Once all the components were set out they could be further broken down into many Operational Models describing geographically located nodes and their data connections. During each step of the design process, reference has been made to the required big data and analytics capabilities for which the Enterpr ise Information System is designed. Industrial Internet identifies ways to improve productivity and reliability. References Aitchison, M. (2016). Design Research in Architecture: An Overview.The Journal of Architecture, 21(2), pp.308-312. Diesner, J. (2015). Small decisions with big impact on data analytics.Big Data Society, 2(2), pp.205395171561718. Eliot, G. (2016).The mill on the Floss. New York: Open Road Integrated Media. General Electric (2018).About us. [online] Available at: https://www.ge.com/au/ [Accessed 11 Jan. 2018]. Hudson, W. (2003). Enterprise information architecture.interactions, 10(6), p.53. LaWell, M. (2015).Building the Industrial Internet With GE. [online] Available at: https://www.industryweek.com/manufacturing-leader-week/building-industrial-internet-ge [Accessed 11 Jan. 2018]. Matter, V. (2015).The Industrial Internet: An Underestimated Game Changer?. [online] Available at: https://www.maisonneuvega.com/uploads/6/3/4/5/63456323/the_industrial_internet_-_an_underestimated_game_changer_-_mga_011215.1.pdf [Accessed 11 Jan. 2018]. Marks, O. (2008).GE's Enterprise Collaboration Backbone | ZDNet. [online] ZDNet. Available at: https://www.zdnet.com/article/ges-enterprise-collaboration-backbone/ [Accessed 11 Jan. 2018]. Wining, L. (2016).GEs Big Bet on Data and Analytics. [online] Available at: https://sloanreview.mit.edu/case- study/ge-big-bet-on-data-and-analytics/ [Accessed 11 Jan. 2018].